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Biomedical Engineering Research Guide

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Scientific Primary and Secondary Sources

Primary sources = Original Research, Discussion, or Ideas
  • Written by the scientist(s) or researcher(s) who conducted the experiment or study
  • Original work submitted to a governing body (i.e. standards or patents)
  • Should include sections detailing how the research was performed such as methodology, results, and discussion/conclusions
    • Ex: standards, studies or surveys, patents, conference proceedings, and technical reports 
Secondary sources = Define, Summarize, Review, or Compare
  • Authors did not conduct the research studies which are mentioned or cited in the article themselves
  • Purpose is to define, summarize, review, or compare the published research on a specific topic
    • Ex: systematic reviews, handbooks, tables, and dictionaries

Finding Background Information

Use these sources to gain familiarity with your topic, narrow your research question, provide context, and identify experts.

Finding Scholarly Sources

Use these sources to find scholarly/peer-reviewed materials in your field

Organize Citations

Using a citation manager or organizer can a) help you create citations and b) allow you to keep all of your citations contained